04 Quran Research Dictionary
Source: Master Block 001 — Surahs 1–10 · Original DOCX SHA-256: 60ff61fca40eb1eb8bee2af55d125cfe9be9d7fca4a5016a82a10be0e6aa5281
04 - Quran Research Dictionary
Quran Research Project - Master Block 001 (Surahs 1-10) - Corrected Full-Schema Build
Coverage: Surah 1:1-7; 2:1-286; 3:1-200; 4:1-176; 5:1-120; 6:1-165; 7:1-206; 8:1-75; 9:1-129; 10:1-109 | Built September 14, 2026
ALLAH
Arabic: الله
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Proper designation of God in the Quranic text; theological identity tracked cumulatively.
Occurrences currently controlling entry: 1:1 onward
AL-RAHMAN / AL-RAHIM
Arabic: الرحمن / الرحيم
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Paired mercy/compassion descriptors; exact nuance between forms remains cumulative.
Occurrences currently controlling entry: 1:1, 1:3
RABB
Arabic: رب
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Lord/master/sustainer terminology.
Occurrences currently controlling entry: 1:2; 2:21
DIN
Arabic: دين
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
In yawm al-din, judgment/recompense; broader semantic range remains open.
Occurrences currently controlling entry: 1:4
IBADAH / 'ABADA
Arabic: عبد
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Worship/service; 1:5 uses emphatic object-fronting.
Occurrences currently controlling entry: 1:5; 2:21
HIDAYAH / HADA
Arabic: هدى
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Guidance; links 1:6 petition to 2:2 Book-as-guidance and 2:38 post-fall guidance.
Occurrences currently controlling entry: 1:6; 2:2; 2:38
SIRAT / MUSTAQIM
Arabic: صراط / مستقيم
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Path / straight-upright; core guidance metaphor.
Occurrences currently controlling entry: 1:6
KITAB
Arabic: كتاب
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Book/Scripture/decree family; context-sensitive; central to earlier-revelation audit.
Occurrences currently controlling entry: 2:2, 2:44, 2:53
TAQWA / MUTTAQIN
Arabic: تقوى / متقين
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Guarding/God-consciousness/fear-piety semantic field; recipients of guidance in 2:2.
Occurrences currently controlling entry: 2:2
IMAN
Arabic: إيمان
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Belief/faith; repeatedly paired with prayer, giving, righteous deeds, Hereafter.
Occurrences currently controlling entry: 2:3-4, 2:25, 2:62
KUFR / KAFIR
Arabic: كفر / كافر
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Rejection/disbelief semantic field; avoid deriving contextual meaning solely from root etymology.
Occurrences currently controlling entry: 2:6, 2:34
QALB
Arabic: قلب
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Heart as moral/spiritual faculty: sealed, diseased, hardened.
Occurrences currently controlling entry: 2:7, 2:10, 2:74
KHALIFAH
Arabic: خليفة
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Earthly role assigned in Adam scene; 'successor/vicegerent/representative' question remains open.
Occurrences currently controlling entry: 2:30
ZAWJ
Arabic: زوج
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Spouse/pair; Adam's spouse is unnamed in 2:35-36.
Occurrences currently controlling entry: 2:35
TAWBAH / TABA / TAWWAB
Arabic: توبة / تاب / تواب
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Turning/repentance and God's acceptance of repentance.
Occurrences currently controlling entry: 2:37, 2:54
FURQAN
Arabic: فرقان
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Criterion/distinction/separation semantic field; given with al-kitab to Moses in 2:53.
Occurrences currently controlling entry: 2:53
AHD
Arabic: عهد
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Covenant/pledge; explicit Israel covenant language.
Occurrences currently controlling entry: 2:40
HAQQ
Arabic: حق
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Truth/right; 2:42 contrasts truth with falsehood and concealment.
Occurrences currently controlling entry: 2:42
TABDIL / BADDALA
Arabic: بدل
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Substitution/change; 2:59 concerns substitution of a commanded saying/instruction in context.
Occurrences currently controlling entry: 2:59
Checkpoint 002 Dictionary Additions
TAHRIF / HARRAFA
Arabic: تحريف / حرّف
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Distortion/alteration family. 2:75 uses yuḥarrifūnahu; do not automatically equate the verb with written manuscript corruption.
KATAMA
Arabic: كتم
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Concealment. Repeated in 2:146, 2:159, 2:174; important distinct category in taḥrīf research.
TASDIQ / MUSADDIQ
Arabic: تصديق / مصدق
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Confirmation. Repeatedly used of Quran/revelation in relation to what earlier communities possess.
RUH AL-QUDUS
Arabic: روح القدس
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Holy Spirit/Spirit of Holiness. Associated with Jesus in 2:87; Quranic identity remains open.
JIBRIL
Arabic: جبريل
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Gabriel, explicitly named in 2:97 as revelatory agent.
SIHR
Arabic: سحر
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Magic/sorcery, central to 2:102.
NASKH
Arabic: نسخ
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Replacement/abrogation term in 2:106; scope requires contextual and historical study.
AYAH
Arabic: آية
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Sign/verse. 2:164 clearly uses it for signs in creation, warning against assuming it always means Quranic verse.
WALAD
Arabic: ولد
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Child/offspring term in 2:116; critical to pending divine-sonship analysis.
IMAM
Arabic: إمام
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Leader/model in 2:124, applied to Abraham.
QIBLAH
Arabic: قبلة
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Prayer direction, central to 2:142-150.
WASAT
Arabic: وسط
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Middle/just/balanced semantic field in 2:143; avoid automatically translating as modern 'moderate'.
WAJH
Arabic: وجه
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Face/direction/self depending context; 2:112 and 2:115 require contextual distinction.
BIRR
Arabic: بر
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Righteousness/goodness in 2:177, defined through integrated belief and conduct.
SABR
Arabic: صبر
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Patience/endurance, prominent in suffering and righteousness contexts.
SHA'AIR
Arabic: شعائر
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Ritual signs/symbols of God, used of Ṣafā and Marwah in 2:158.
Checkpoint 003 Dictionary Additions
QISAS
Arabic: قصاص
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Corresponding/proportional retaliation; central to 2:178-179.
WASIYYAH
Arabic: وصية
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Bequest/will; 2:180-182, later inheritance relationship open.
SIYAM
Arabic: صيام
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Fasting; Ramadan law and exceptions in 2:183-187.
RAMADAN
Arabic: رمضان
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Month linked explicitly to Quranic descent in 2:185.
FITNAH
Arabic: فتنة
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Testing/persecution/sedition/affliction semantic field; crucial in 2:191-193 warfare context.
QITAL / QATALA
Arabic: قتال / قتل
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Fighting/killing vocabulary; must preserve distinctions and context.
KHAMR
Arabic: خمر
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Intoxicant/wine semantic field; progressive-law question begins at 2:219.
MAYSIR
Arabic: ميسر
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Gambling/game-of-chance term in 2:219.
MUSHRIK
Arabic: مشرك
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
One who associates partners; 2:221 marriage prohibition.
MAHID
Arabic: محيض
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Menstruation; 2:222.
HARTH
Arabic: حرث
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Cultivation/tilth metaphor in 2:223.
DARAJAH
Arabic: درجة
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Degree/rank; male “degree” in 2:228 and messenger degrees in 2:253 require context-sensitive use.
TALAQ
Arabic: طلاق
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Divorce family; major 2:229-241 legal block.
IDDAH
Arabic: عدة
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Waiting-period concept, though lexical/systematic development remains cumulative.
RIBA
Arabic: ربا
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Forbidden economic increase/usury term in 2:275-279; modern-interest equivalence requires research.
DAYN
Arabic: دين (debt sense)
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Debt/obligation in 2:282; distinct context from dīn as religion/judgment.
SHAHADAH
Arabic: شهادة
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Witness/testimony; 2:282-283.
IKRAH
Arabic: إكراه
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Compulsion/coercion; 2:256.
TAGHUT
Arabic: طاغوت
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
False power/idolatrous authority; 2:256-257.
HAYY / QAYYUM
Arabic: حي / قيوم
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Divine attributes in 2:255.
KURSI
Arabic: كرسي
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Divine kursī in 2:255; exact referent/theological interpretation remains cumulative.
SHAFAAH
Arabic: شفاعة
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Intercession; permitted only by divine permission in 2:255.
SAKINAH
Arabic: سكينة
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Tranquility/divine sign term in 2:248 Ark narrative.
TAKLIF / WUSʿ
Arabic: تكليف / وسع
Definition status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Burden/obligation and capacity principle in 2:286.
Checkpoint 004 Dictionary Additions
MUṢADDIQ / TAṢDĪQ
Arabic: مُصَدِّق / تصديق
Status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Confirmation/affirmation language linking Quran to prior revelation; recurrent in 2 and 3:3.
MUḤKAM / MUTASHĀBIH
Arabic: محكم / متشابه
Firm/decisive versus ambiguous/resembling verses in 3:7.
TAʾWĪL
Arabic: تأويل
Interpretation/ultimate meaning in 3:7; syntactic question exists over who knows it.
ISLĀM / MUSLIM
Arabic: إسلام / مسلم
Submission/surrender; Quran applies 'muslim' transhistorically to Abraham and Jesus' disciples, so not every occurrence can mean only later communal membership.
KALIMAH
Arabic: كلمة
Word; Jesus is 'a Word from Him' in 3:45; must be distinguished from Johannine Logos without assuming identity.
AL-MASĪḤ
Arabic: المسيح
The Messiah; applied directly to Jesus in 3:45.
RŪḤ AL-QUDUS
Holy Spirit/Spirit of Holiness; Jesus is strengthened by it.
MUTAWAFFĪKA
Arabic: متوفيك
From w-f-y; 3:55 may involve taking/receiving fully and can be associated with death. Exact Jesus-related meaning remains open.
ḤANĪF
Arabic: حنيف
Abrahamic monotheistic orientation; Quran contrasts it with polytheism and later sectarian labels.
TAḤRĪF-RELATED TONGUE LANGUAGE
Arabic: يلوون ألسنتهم
3:78 describes tongue-twisting with the Book, important for oral/recitational distortion.
TAWRĀT
Arabic: التوراة
Torah; 3:93 explicitly calls for it to be brought and recited as evidence.
INJĪL
Arabic: الإنجيل
Gospel; sent down by God and taught/given in association with Jesus. Exact relation to canonical Gospels remains open.
BAKKAH
Arabic: بكة
Location of the first House in 3:96; identification and historical attestation require source research.
Checkpoint 005 Dictionary Additions
SHŪRĀ
Arabic: شورى
Consultation, especially 3:159.
SHAHĪD / SHUHADĀʾ
Arabic: شهيد / شهداء
Witness/martyr semantic field.
TAWAKKUL
Arabic: توكل
Reliance on God after decision/action.
BIṬĀNAH
Arabic: بطانة
Inner-circle/confidant relationship.
ULŪ AL-ALBĀB
Arabic: أولو الألباب
People of understanding/reflection.
RĀBIṬŪ
Arabic: رابطوا
Remain stationed/steadfast; 3:200.
Checkpoint 006 Dictionary Additions
NAFS WĀḤIDAH
Arabic: نفس واحدة
Single self/soul in 4:1; Adam is not named in the verse itself, though wider Quranic context and tafsir commonly identify the referent with Adam.
BALAGHŪ AL-NIKĀḤ
Arabic: بلغوا النكاح
Reaching marriageability in 4:6. No age in years is specified.
RUSHD
Arabic: رشد
Sound judgment/maturity. In 4:6 it is explicitly required before returning an orphan’s property; the verse does not clearly make it a separate prerequisite for marriage.
QAWWĀMŪN
Arabic: قوامون
4:34 male relationship over women; semantic field includes maintenance/standing over/authority/protection. Exact social-juridical scope requires cumulative analysis.
NUSHŪZ
Arabic: نشوز
Serious marital breach/alienation/ill-conduct. 4:34 applies it to wives; 4:128 applies it to husbands, so it cannot lexically mean only female disobedience.
WA-IḌRIBŪHUNNA
Arabic: واضربوهن
4:34 imperative from ḍ-r-b with women as direct object. Plain/traditional contextual reading is “strike them”; modern nonphysical readings require explicit argument and provenance.
MĀ MALAKAT AYMĀNUKUM
Arabic: ما ملكت أيمانكم
“Those whom your right hands possess”; slavery/captivity category requiring historical and legal analysis.
MAʿRŪF
Arabic: معروف
Recognized good/proper conduct; important in family and social law.
MĪTHĀQAN GHALĪẒAN
Arabic: ميثاقا غليظا
Solemn/weighty covenant, applied to marriage in 4:21.
AWLIYĀʾ
Arabic: أولياء
Allies/protectors/patrons/close supporting relations; must not automatically be flattened to modern English “friends.”
SHUBBIHA LAHUM
Arabic: شبه لهم
4:157 passive resemblance/appearance expression. The Quran does not itself identify a substitute.
RĀFIʿUKA / RAFAʿAHU
Arabic: رافعك / رفعه
Raising language concerning Jesus in 3:55 and 4:158.
QABLA MAWTIHI
Arabic: قبل موته
4:159 “before his death”; pronoun antecedent remains a genuine interpretive question.
THALĀTHAH
Arabic: ثلاثة
“Three” in 4:171; explicit Christian-context rejection, but exact doctrinal target must be compared with historical Christian formulations.
Child/offspring language in divine-sonship rejection; does not by itself reproduce Nicene technical language.
RŪḤUN MINHU
Arabic: روح منه
“A Spirit from Him” applied to Jesus in 4:171; must not be equated automatically with the Holy Spirit-person or divinity.
KALĀLAH
Arabic: كلالة
Inheritance term in 4:12/176; exact legal definition depends on kinship context and later jurisprudence.
IKRĀH / SILM / QITAL CONTROLS
Arabic: إكراه / سلم / قتال
Checkpoint carry-forward: coercion, peace and fighting terms must be analyzed in context rather than reduced to slogans.
Checkpoint 007 Dictionary Additions
ʿUQŪD
Arabic: عقود
Status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Binding contracts/covenants in 5:1.
AWLIYĀʾ / WALĪ
Arabic: أولياء / ولي
Status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Alliance, protection, patronage, guardianship, close support; 5:51 must be interpreted with 5:5 and 5:52-56.
QIRADAH
Arabic: قردة
Status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Apes/monkeys; ordinary animal noun in 5:60.
KHANĀZĪR
Arabic: خنازير
Status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Swine/pigs in 5:60.
MUHAYMIN
Arabic: مهيمن
Status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
5:48 term rendered guardian, overseer, witness, criterion, authority; exact force remains open.
WASĪLAH
Arabic: وسيلة
Status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Means/path of nearness to God in 5:35.
FASĀD FĪ AL-ARḌ
Arabic: فساد في الأرض
Status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Corruption in the land; 5:32-33 legal category requiring contextual and later-juristic distinction.
THĀLITHU THALĀTHAH
Arabic: ثالث ثلاثة
Status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
“Third of three” in 5:73.
ILĀHAYNI MIN DŪNI LLĀH
Arabic: إلهين من دون الله
Status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
“Two gods besides God” in 5:116, referring to Jesus and Mary.
TAWAFFAYTANĪ
Arabic: توفيتني
Status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
w-f-y form in 5:117; must be integrated with 3:55 before resolving Jesus’ death timing.
KHAMR
Arabic: خمر
Status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Intoxicant/wine; 5:90-91 supplies final-stage avoidance command.
MAYSIR
Arabic: ميسر
Status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
Gambling; paired with intoxicants in 5:90-91.
FA-JTANIBŪHU
Arabic: فاجتنبوه
Status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
“Avoid/keep away from it”; strong avoidance imperative in 5:90.
BAKKAH / KAʿBAH
Arabic: بكة / كعبة
Status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE
3:96 and 5:97 complete the Quranic identification of the Sacred House at Bakkah as the Kaʿbah.
Checkpoint 008 Dictionary Additions
TṬĪN — Arabic: طين — Status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE — Clay; 6:2 creation term.
AL-GHAYB — Arabic: الغيب — Status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE — The unseen; 6:50 denies Muhammad independent possession of this knowledge, 6:59 reserves its keys to God.
W-F-Y — Arabic root: و ف ي — Status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE — 6:60 sleep-taking and 6:61 death-taking establish contextual semantic range; Jesus passages remain unresolved by root alone.
ĀZAR — Arabic: آزر — Status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE — Abraham’s father in 6:74; biblical comparison: Terah.
ṢĀḤIBAH — Arabic: صاحبة — Status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE — Female companion/consort; 6:101 uses lack of consort in argument against divine walad.
ZUKHRUF AL-QAWL — Arabic: زخرف القول — Status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE — Adorned/decorated speech used deceptively in 6:112.
SHIYAʿ — Arabic: شيع — Status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE — Factions/sects/parties; later denominational senses require chronology control.
DĀR AL-SALĀM — Arabic: دار السلام — Status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE — “Home of Peace,” 6:127, eschatological good abode.
KALIMĀT — Arabic: كلمات — Status: WORKING / CUMULATIVE — Words; 6:34 and 6:115 state no changer of God’s words; referent must be determined contextually.
Checkpoint 009 Dictionary Additions
QIRADAH — قردة — apes/monkeys; 7:166.
UMMĪ — أمي — contested descriptor of Muhammad; 7:157-158; do not pre-decide as simple illiteracy.
INJĪL — إنجيل — Gospel; established Late Antique Christian loanword family. Quran presents it as revelation given to Jesus and accessible to Christians.
TAWRĀT — التوراة — Torah/Mosaic revelation; Quran 5:43-45 treats Jews as possessing it and cites recognizable Torah law.
AL-AʿRĀF — الأعراف — elevated/border heights in 7:46; identity of its people not explicitly defined by the Quran.
KHUSHR/KHUWĀR — خوار — lowing/bellowing; calf sound in 7:148.
ḤIṬṬAH — حطة — 7:161; commanded expression associated with entering town/gate humbly; no straightforward Torah counterpart established.
Master Block 001 Integration - Surahs 8-10
Surahs 8-10 were completed after CP009 without an intermediate checkpoint, by design. Their material is integrated here as Master Block research content from the preserved project record; no nonexistent checkpoint is asserted.
Surahs 8-10 Arabic / lexical research
FITNAH / FITNA
Arabic: فتنة
8:25, 8:28, 8:39; 9:47-49. Semantic range includes trial/test and contexts of disorder, temptation, or persecution. The project must not force one English gloss into every occurrence; 8:28 alone demonstrates “test” while 8:39 is a warfare/coercion text whose exact scope must be derived contextually.
AL-DĪN KULLUHU LILLĀH
Arabic: الدين كله لله
8:39. Literally centers “the religion/judgment/way” being wholly for God. This phrase is a major coercion-scope datum and must be interpreted with the cessation offer in 8:38, peace in 8:61, treaty limits in 8:72, and Surah 9.
ANFĀL
Arabic: أنفال
8:1. Spoils/extra gains; Surah title and opening legal question. The verse places disposition under God and Messenger rather than private claimant control.
KHUMUS
Arabic: خمس
8:41. One fifth. Central to the distribution rule for battle gains.
JIZYAH
Arabic: جزية
9:29. Levy/payment required from the targeted People of the Book in the verse’s political-military settlement. Later juristic rates, exemptions, collection rules, and institutions must not be read backward into the verse without source labeling.
ṢĀGHIRŪN
Arabic: صاغرون
9:29. From a root conveying smallness/lowliness; context indicates humbled/subdued/subordinate status. Exact legal/social implementation belongs to later jurisprudence and historical practice, not automatically to the lexical form alone.
NASĪʾ
Arabic: نسيء
9:37. Postponement/intercalation in the sacred-month context; Quran condemns manipulation that changes the effective timing of sacred months.
AWLIYĀʾ
Arabic: أولياء
9:71; 10:62. Relational plural of walī with ally/protector/close associate range. In 9:71 believing men and women are awliyāʾ of one another; in 10:62 God’s awliyāʾ are characterized by faith and taqwā. Later technical “saint” terminology must not be assumed automatically.
BADDILHU / TABDĪL
Arabic: بدّله / تبديل
10:15. “Change/replace/substitute it.” Direct evidence that the Quran possesses explicit vocabulary for changing a revelation; Muhammad denies authority to perform such alteration on his own initiative.
IDHN
Arabic: إذن
10:3; 10:100. Permission/authorization. Intercession is only after divine permission; 10:100 makes belief itself dependent on divine permission while still condemning failure to reason.
TAWAKKUL
Arabic: توكل
8:2; 9:51; 10:84. Reliance/trust on God. Appears in military danger and prophetic community contexts.
QIBLAH
Arabic: قبلة
10:87. Direction/orientation. The houses instruction to Moses/Aaron’s people requires narrative comparison without importing later Islamic qiblah law automatically.
BADAN
Arabic: بدن
10:92. Body/body-form. Central to the Pharaoh preservation claim. The lexical datum does not identify a particular Egyptian mummy.
YUJĪR / AMĀN CONCEPT
Arabic: يجير (conceptual protection)
9:6 uses the verb of granting protection/asylum to a polytheist who seeks it, followed by escort to a place of security. This is a textual protection obligation within the surrounding warfare passage.